Từ vựng tiếng Anh ôn thi THPT Quốc gia mở rộng và nâng cao - Chủ đề: Lao động

Đây là series bài viết giới thiệu những từ vựng tiếng Anh luyện thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao và mở rộng giúp người học tối ưu số điểm của mình. Bài viết sẽ đem đến những từ vựng Topic: Work (Công việc) kèm theo bài tập vận dụng vào bài thi THPT Quốc gia môn tiếng Anh.

Các từ vựng tiếng Anh ôn thi THPT Quốc gia trình độ nâng cao về Chủ đề Lao động

Một số collocations đáng chú ý:

1. Earn a high salary: có được một mức lương cao

2. Devote time to do something: cống hiến thời gian để làm gì

3. Busy working schedule: lịch trình làm việc bận rộn

4. To get a promotion: được thăng tiến

5. To apply for a job: xin việc

Bài tập kiểm tra từ vựng chủ đề Lao động

Exercise 2: Fill in the blanks with corrects words that have the following meanings

Bài tập áp dụng từ vựng chủ đề Lao động

Question 1: She's just been ______ to senior sales representative after 2 years of hard work.

Question 2: When my bike was stolen, I claimed on the ______ and got £150 back.

Question 3: The report shows that poor families spend a larger proportion of their ______ on food.

Question 4: High school students should be given a career _______ before choosing their major to decide what suits them most.

Question 5: Getting some work experience now will help you when you apply for a/an ______ job.

Question 6: We had a very _______ meeting – a lot of problems were solved.

Question 7: They're the firm of architects who won the _______ to design the Museum of Fine Art extension.

Question 8: One way to boost your job ______ is to learn a new language.

Question 9: Her ______ to the job left her with very little free time.

Question 10: For me, job ______ is more important than money.

Question 11: I've sent off ______ for four different jobs.

Question 12: If this project fails it will affect not only our______, but also the whole organization.

Question 13: The price of health insurance for many ______ workers and small businesses became unaffordable

Question 14: I was ______ by the first company I applied to.

Question 15: We're having a small drinks party for one of our ______ who's leaving next week.

Exercise 2: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct word or phrase that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 16 to 20

Have you noticed that every time you go for a trim that hairdresser is always very chatty? The reason they are so happy is that most of them love their jobs. This is (16)_____to a survey conducted by the City & Guilds of London Institute, which asked 1,200 workers about their job satisfaction. Forty per cent of hairdressers are (17)_____ with their jobs, while civil servants, social workers and architects are the unhappiest workers. None of the top ten (18)_____ in the Happiness Index included office jobs. The happiest workers were those who used their hands. In second place were religious ministers, followed by chefs, beauticians and plumbers. The survey showed that people who can (19)_____ their own business and be self-employed are happiest. Desk workers came very low on the happiness scale. Teachers didn’t seem to be too happy either – only 8% said they enjoyed their work. City and Guilds advised workers to start every day positively, chat to (20)_____, and brighten the workplace with personal photographs and flowers.

(Adapted from breakingnewsenglish.com)

Exercise 3: Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the questions from 21 to 25

Employees in many countries change jobs more often than previous generations of workers. They don't expect to find a job with a company that will take care of them for the rest of their lives. But what is the cause of this trend? Is it a new economy, new ways of doing business, or the employees themselves?

A more globalized economy has had an effect on employment. A large number of companies are now international, and one of them may decide that moving from its offices from Germany to Poland, for example, is in its best interest. That means employees who live and work in Germany may be asked to relocate their families to a new country or be told that their jobs are simply eliminated.

Companies have also responded to economic pressure by restructuring for greater efficiency. This sort of change within a company usually means that unnecessary jobs are cut, or that fewer employees must do more work. In their case, some employees find themselves looking for new jobs.

New technology has also had an impact on workplaces. The increasing use of personal computers has meant fewer jobs for office secretaries, as their former bosses do their own words processing and letter writing, and for travel agents, as more travelers make their own reservations online. Automation, including the use of robotic devices, has replaced workers in clothing factories, post offices, and telephone companies, to name just a few.

Besides these economic and technological reasons, today's employees are also responsible for more frequent job changes. Workers in the past were less likely to leave a company because they were dissatisfied with working conditions or because they didn't get along well with their fellow employees. People today expect to enjoy their work and have personal satisfaction from what they do for a living.

Employees may also leave a job because they have learned all they can learn from their current job. Getting a new job means gaining new skills and making new contracts, and these skills and relationships could bring them a step closer to their “dream job”, the one that is challenging, emotionally and financially rewarding, and preferably closer to home or their children's school.

Finally, companies start up and close down more quickly than they once did. Employees who suspect that their employer is not doing well may decide to start looking for a new position before the company closes its doors.

(Source: Active Skills for Reading: Book 2 by Neil J. Anderson Thompson)

Question 21. The passage is mainly about ___________

A. reasons companies aren't taking care of employees as they once did

B. ways in which international companies have caused a loss of job

C. reasons employees change jobs more frequently than they did in the past

D. the contrast between employers of the past and employers nowadays

Question 22. What is one reason employees might keep their current jobs nowadays?

A. They are worried when the company is not successful.

B. They are happy and satisfied with their work.

C. They want to get promoted at work.

D. Their employers provide bad working conditions.

Question 23. The word “they” in paragraph 5 refers to

A. workers in the past B. working conditions

C. fellow employees D. people today

Question 24. According to the passage, all of the following are true EXCEPT ___________

A. some international companies may decide to move their offices to new place

B. sometimes higher efficiency comes from cutting unnecessary jobs

C. some travel agents have been affected because of new technologies

D. employees have no right to follow their dream of getting an excellent job

Question 25. The phrase "closes its doors” in the last sentence probably means ___________

A. stops a working day B. stops doing business

C. dismisses its workers D. shuts all its doors

Từ vựng mở rộng về Chủ đề Lao động

Các thành ngữ (Idioms) 

Cụm động từ (Phrasal verbs)

Bài tập kiểm tra từ vựng chủ đề Lao động

Bài tập 1: Ghép đúng nghĩa của các từ/cụm sau

Bài tập 2: Điền vào chỗ trống với các từ đúng có ý nghĩa sau

Bài tập áp dụng

Bài tập 1: Đánh dấu chữ A, B, C. hoặc D trên tờ trả lời của bạn để chỉ ra từ/cụm từ GẦN NHẤT về nghĩa với từ/cụm từ được gạch chân trong mỗi câu hỏi sau.

Question 1: He has been fired because he has let the cat out of the bag about the company’s true intentions.A. kept a secret B. betrayed the company

C. made a mistake D. revealed a secret

Question 2: “You’d better leave now if you want to arrive early for the exam. Break a leg!”

A. Be careful B. Good luck

C. Stay away from trouble D. Try your best

Question 3: If you do the laundry I'll do the cooking - you scratch my back and I'll scratch yours.

A. do someone a favor B. meet one another

C. exchange stuffs  D. try another idea

Question 4: Look out! There is broken glass on the floor!

A. Check or revise B. Find out more

C. Consider carefully D. Be careful

Question 5: We will have to look at all the proposals before coming to any decision.

A. confront or face something

B. think about something in the past

C. consider or examine something

D. visit someone for a short time

Bài tập 2: Đánh dấu chữ A, B, C. hoặc D trên tờ trả lời của bạn để chỉ ra từ/cụm từ TRÁI NGƯỢC về nghĩa với từ/cụm từ được gạch chân trong mỗi câu hỏi sau.

Question 6: Even experienced musicians sometimes get butterflies in their stomach before a performance.A. are anxious B. have a nervous feeling

C. are confident D. worry about something

Question 7: Let’s look ahead to next month’s projected sales figures.

A. look forward B. think about the past

C. think about and plan the future D. take care of something

Question 8: My sister is a role model for me. I always look up to her.

A. respect  B. admire C. adore D. despise

Question 9: I have always looked out for my little brother since my parents passed away.

A. took care of B. neglected C. looked after D. watched

Question 10: I hate the way that our boss looks down on us; she treats us as if we are less important than her.

A. despises B. abhors C. admires D. has contempt for

Bài tập 3: Điền vào chỗ trống với các cụm động từ phrasal verb phù hợp nhất 

Question 11: Michelle is a nurse. She _______ patients in a hospital.

A. looks ahead B. looks after C. looks into D. looks up

Question 12: In his old age, Phil often _______ on his life.

A. looks at B. looks out C. looks back D. looks in

Question 13: He is very arrogant. He _______ on uneducated people.

A. looks down B. looks off C. looks ahead D. looks back

Question 14: I spent all day _______ my glasses. I couldn’t find it anywhere.

A. looking down B. looking at C. looking for D. looking in

Question 15: Jane has just purchased a new apartment. She is _______ to living in her new home.

A.  looking into B. looking forward C. looking in D. looking up

Question 16: Scientists are ______ ways of reducing pollution.

A. looking after B. looking out C. looking off D. looking into

Question 17: If you don’t know the word, ____ it ____ in a dictionary.

A.  look/ up B. look/ from C. look/ away D. look/ on

Question 18: Old people should be _______ and respected because they do have experiences that we haven't.

A. looked out B.  looked up to C. looked around D. looked up

Question 19: We’re ____ carefully ____ all the options before the final decision.

A.  looking/ up B. looking/ away C. looking/ after D. looking/ at

Question 20: We will move to Manchester soon so we are ______ for a house there.

A. looking after B. looking around C. looking across D. looking off

Đáp án:

Từ vựng cao cấp

Bài tập kiểm tra từ

Exercise 1

1. J

2. G

3. I

4. A

5. B

6. C

7. H

8. E

9. D

10. F

Exercise 2

1. Teamwork

2. Orientation

3. Satisfaction

4. Income

5. Job description

6. Job prospect

7. Hire

8. Self-employed

Bài tập vận dụng

1. C

2. B

3. C

4. A

5. D

6. C

7. A

8. B

9. A

10. B

11. D

12. C

13. D

14. A

15. B

16. B

17. D

18. B

19. C

20. A

21. C

22. B

23. A

24. D

25. B

Từ ngữ mở rộng

Bài tập kiểm tra từ

Exercise 1

1. I

2. G

3. J

4. H

5. A

6. C

7. D

8. F

9. E

10. B

Exercise 2

1. Khi lợn bay

2. Break a leg

3. Cảm thấy lo lắng

4. Gãi lưng cho ai đó

5. Phơi bày bí mật

Bài tập áp dụng

1. D

2. B

3. A

4. D

5. B

6. C

7. B

8. D

9. B

10. C

11. B

12. C

13. A

14. C

15. B

16. D

17. A

18. B

19. D

20. B

Tóm tắt