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Addressing in Japanese can be a head-scratcher for beginners or those simply curious about the meanings of words like san, sama, kun, and chan commonly encountered in Japanese movies or literature. In today's article, Mytour will explain what san, sama, kun, and chan mean in Japanese.
San, sama, kun, and chan are common honorifics used in everyday Japanese life. When calling someone's name, the Japanese add these honorifics after the person's name (or surname) to express respect and sophistication.
1. San
Japanese: さん, sometimes pronounced as はん (Kansai dialect)
The term 'san' finds its roots in 'sama' and is used as a respectful title applicable to all ages.
San is not limited to being attached to personal names; the Japanese also use it to associate with workplaces, locations, tasks, and even extend it to the names of animals or inanimate objects.
2. Sama
Japanese: 様 (さま)
Sama is an elevated form of address, surpassing the respect level of san. It is primarily used when someone of lower status talks about someone of higher status or when a host discusses their guests.
Apart from expressing profound respect, sama is sometimes used to reveal admiration towards someone held in high regard.
3. Kun
Japanese: 君 (くん)
In Japanese etiquette, Kun is often added after the names of young male individuals, expressing respect towards the person being referred to.
Kun is used when someone of higher status addresses a younger male or someone of equal standing. For example, teachers commonly address their male students with kun.
Kun cannot be used for self-reference and is exclusively used to address others. Additionally, it should not be used when addressing someone of higher status.
4. Chan
Japanese: ちゃん
Chan is a suffix attached to names to affectionately address someone, commonly used for children, female family members, and close friends.
Similar to kun, you should not use chan when addressing someone of higher status.
Chan should only be used when you are certain of an intimate relationship between yourself and the person being referred to.
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