The Cause/ Problem and Solution type in IELTS Writing Task 2 is a question type that requires all candidates to present an issue or the cause of a certain phenomenon. Additionally, candidates must also identify the most appropriate solution to the problem you have presented. This is one of the question types that demands candidates to have the best ideas. Therefore, in this article, Mytour will guide candidates in writing the Problem and Solution type in the most detailed way possible.
I. Overview of Problem and Solution Writing Task 2 format
1. What is Cause/ Problem and Solution type?
This type of essay will address a certain issue, then require the writer to answer two questions related to this issue (cause, result, solution, etc.). Additionally, there are some topics that only mention a certain development and require the writer to identify related issues, along with other accompanying questions.
For example:
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- “The internet has transformed the way information is shared and consumed, but it has also created problems that did not exist before. What are the most serious problems associated with the internet and what solutions can you suggest?”
- “Many people believe that international tourism is a bad thing for their country. What are the reasons? What can be done to change these negative attitudes?”
When working on this type of essay, you can separate each paragraph answering a question from the prompt. Another approach is to have each paragraph answer both questions from the prompt, placing related answers in the same paragraph (For example: writing about a problem and its solution in the same paragraph).
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2. Identifying Cause/ Problem and Solution type
Dấu hiệu phân biệt: Các câu hỏi thường thấy trong đề bài của dạng bài này, có nhiều loại câu hỏi khác nhau:
Xác định vấn đề:
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- What are the problems associated with this development?
Đặt câu hỏi về nguyên nhân:
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- What are the causes/reasons?
- Why is it the case?
Hỏi về giải pháp:
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- What can be done to…?
- What measures should be taken to…?
II. Cấu trúc viết dạng bài Problem and Solution
1. Mở đầu
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- General Statement: paraphrase câu hỏi đề bài
- Thesis statement: trả lời lần lượt từng câu hỏi của đề bài một cách ngắn gọn
2. Phần thân 1
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- Topic Sentence - Câu chủ đề: paraphrase câu trả lời cho câu hỏi đầu tiên
- Supporting ideas: phát triển ý
3. Phần thân 2
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- Topic Sentence - Câu chủ đề: paraphrase câu trả lời cho câu hỏi đầu tiên
- Supporting ideas: phát triển ý
4. Tóm tắt
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- Restatement of the answer: diễn giải lại câu trả lời
- Prediction (có thể thêm hoặc không): nhấn mạnh rằng tình hình sẽ tốt hơn nếu các biện pháp được áp dụng
III. Một số bài mẫu về Essay Problem and Solution
1. Đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2
1.1. Nội dung đề thi
“Những người sống tại các thành phố lớn ngày nay đối diện với nhiều vấn đề trong cuộc sống hàng ngày của họ. Những vấn đề này là gì? Liệu chính phủ có nên khuyến khích người dân chuyển đến các thị trấn vùng lân cận nhỏ hơn không?”
1.2. Ý tưởng bài mẫu IELTS Writing Task 2 dạng Problem and Solution
Vấn đề:
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- Traffic congestion
- Higher cost of accommodation
Chính phủ nên khuyến khích người dân chuyển đến các thị trấn vùng lân cận. Lý do:
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- Lower traffic density in cities -> solve the problem of traffic congestion
- Lower demand for housing in cities -> lower accommodation cost for citizens
2. Đề thi IELTS Writing Task 2
2.1. Nội dung đề thi
“There is a general increase in anti-social behaviours and lack of respect for others. What are the causes and solutions?”
2.2. Mẫu bài viết về dạng Essay Problem and Solution
“The widespread presence of anti-social behaviour and disrespectful attitudes towards others has long been a prevalent issue in society today. This often derives from the indifference of parents towards their children’s moral development, and sometimes from social problems such as violence and discrimination which exist in many parts of the world. This situation should be addressed by strong remedies, including better parental education and stricter law enforcement against violent and discriminatory activities in society.
Reasons for this alarming situation vary. In some places, people may hold an anti-social attitude or disrespect others because they live in an environment where violence and discrimination are the norm. Children of sexist parents in rural families in Vietnam, for example, show a worrying tendency of disrespecting women. In some other cases, it is the lack of parental guidance that is to blame. As modern parents are becoming increasingly busy with their jobs, they may have the proclivity to be indifferent to their children’s moral education. When there is no one to help young children distinguish between right and wrong, ill-mannered attitudes may emerge and develop among them without being controlled.
A number of strong measures could be adopted by the government and families to mitigate the problem. On the national level, the government should take definite actions against violence and discrimination. This could be done by ensuring strict enforcement of the laws on violent and discriminatory acts to deter them from happening. In addition, on the nuclear-family level, parents need to reaffirm their role in morally guiding their children. If they notice any signs of antisocial or insolent behaviour in children, the children should be reprimanded accordingly. Parents, at the same time, could also educate their children about social manners by instilling a moral code in them. These actions, albeit small, could have a strong influence on children when they grow up.
In conclusion, it is clear that violence, discrimination and the indifference of parents to children’s education are the major catalysts for the increase in anti-social behaviour and disrespect towards others. Strong measures such as stringent law enforcement on violent and discriminatory acts should be taken to alleviate this distressing situation.”
338 words, written by Tu Pham
Through this article, Mytour wants to introduce the most detailed way of writing Causes and Solution essays to Mytourpies. Practice analyzing the topic, outlining, and writing essays regularly, alongside enriching vocabulary and grammar to excel in the IELTS Writing Task 2. It is hoped that this article will somehow help you achieve a high band score in the IELTS exam.